KEJAHATAN GENOSIDA DALAM PERSPEKTIF HUKUM PIDANA INTERNASIONAL
Keywords:
Kejahatan Genosida, Hukum Pidana Internasional
Abstract
Penelitian tujuannya mengetahui tindak kejahatan genosida yang dialami persfektif hukum internasional, dan cara penyelesaian sengketa tindak kejahatan genosida secara hukum internasional. Kejahatan genosida tindakan yang dilakukan tujuannya menghancurkan, secara keseluruhan sebagian suatu kelompok nasional, etnis, ras, atau agama. Hukum pidana internasional cabang hukum pidana diakui komunitas internasional, memerlukan respons hukum global dan kejahatan sanggat serius. Kejahatan genosida hukum pidana internasional merupakan kejahatan luar biasa, sudah menjadi tindakan dilarang, dituangkan di Konvensi Genosida 1948, statuta International Criminal Tribunals for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY), statuta International Criminal Tribunals for Rwanda (ICTR), statuta Roma 1998. Penelitian menggunakan hukum doktrinal atau yuridis normatif. Sumber informasi hukum, bahan hukum primer (peraturan, dokumen terkait) dianalisis secara kualitatif. Pendekatannya konseptual, perundang-undangan, kasus hukum dalam mengatasi rumusan masalah. Hasil penelitian menyebutkan penyebab utama kejahatan genosida dilatarbelakangi perjuangan hak dari suku minoritas, agama yang fanatik, rasial yang ditunjukkan dalam diskriminasi kultural
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Made A Hardi R, & M.J Setianto. (2022). Penanganan perkara internasional yang dilakukan oleh international criminal court. Jurnal Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Undiksha, 10(3), 253–259. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpku.v10i3.52031
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Sarayar, A. A. (2019). Kajian hukum bantuan kerjasama timbal balik (mutual legal assistance) dalam penyelesaian tindak pidana internasional. Lex Et Societatis, VII(11), 64–71. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35796/les.v7i11.27371
Sianturi, G. M., Agung, A., & Utari, S. (2021). Perang terhadap narkoba serta penarikan diri dari pengadilan pidana internasional oleh filipina: perspektif hukum internasional. Jurnal Kertha Negara, 9(3), 164–174. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37366/jh.v3i1.998
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Stoykova, R. (2023). The Right To A Fair Trial As A Conceptual Framework For Digital Evidence Rules In Criminal Investigations. Computer Law and Security Review, 49, 105801. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2023.105801
Stoykova, R., & Franke, K. (2023). Reliability validation enabling framework (RVEF) for digital forensics in criminal investigations. Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation, 45, 301554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsidi.2023.301554
Syarif Hidayat. (2021). Segala aspek hukum pidana Internasional. E-Journal Komunitas Yustisia Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Program, 4(July), 895–903. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/jatayu.v4i3.43101
Teijo, C. (2023). Criminal sanctions and IUU fishing: The case of Spain. Marine Policy, 147(October 2022), 105341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105341
Tobing, C. I. (2022). Ektradisi Dan Mutual Legal Assistance Sebagai Sarana Penegakan Hukum Pidana Internasional. Jurnal Hukum Pelita, 3(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.37366/jh.v3i1.998
Tuazon, O. M., Wickenheiser, R. A., Ansell, R., Guerrini, C. J., Zwenne, G. J., & Custers, B. (2024). Law Enforcement Use Of Genetic Genealogy Databases In Criminal Investigations: Nomenclature, Definition And Scope. Forensic Science International: Synergy, 8(February), 100460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100460
Adiyanta, F. C. S. (2019). Hukum dan studi penelitian empiris: penggunaan metode survey sebagai instrumen penelitian hukum empiris. Administrative Law and Governance Journal, 2(4), 697–709. https://doi.org/10.14710/alj.v2i4.697-709
Álvarez, I. V. (2023). The prosecution of fisheries crime in Spanish criminal law: The impact of European Union regulations. Marine Policy, 147(September 2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105327
Anggreni, I. A. K. N., Mangku, D. G. S., & Yuliartini, N. P. R. (2019). Analisis yuridis pertanggungjawaban pemimpin negara terkait dengan kejahatan perang dan upaya mengadili oleh mahkamah pidana internasional (studi kasus omar al-bashir presiden sudan). Journal of the Yustisia Community, 2(3), 227–236. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/jatayu.v2i3.28787
Arrocha Olabuenaga, P. (2014). Responsabilidad estatal por el crimen de genocidio. Anuario Mexicano de Derecho Internacional, 14, 197–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1870-4654(14)70006-6
Baer, A., Dalbo, G. D., & LaBranche, J. (2024). Navigating the paradox of repair: Indigenous genocide and public education in Minnesota and Manitoba. Futures, 155(October 2023), 103300. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.futures.2023.103300
Basuki, U. (2021). Tindakan genosida terhadap etnis rohingya dalam perspektif hukum pidana internasional. Cakrawala Hukum, 12(1), 95–110. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.51921/chk.v21i1.51
Begem, S. S., Qamar, N., & Baharuddin, H. (2019). Sistem hukum penyelesaian pelanggaran hak asasi manusia (ham) berat melalui mahkamah. SIGn Jurnal Hukum, 1(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.37276/sjh.v1i1.28
Brodersen, K. H., Capus, N., & Rosset, D. (2023). The politics of informality in criminal procedures. International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice, 74(June), 100612. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlcj.2023.100612
Charlier, P. (2022). Public health practitioners implication in the recognition of potential war crimes in Ukraine. Ethics, Medicine and Public Health, 22, 100804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemep.2022.100804
Devian Abdulfatah Lamadju. (2018). Penerapan yurisdiksi atas kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan dalam perspektif hukum pidana internasional. Lex Administratum, VI(4), 1–14. https://doi.org/http://administratum/article/view/24526/24222
Dewi, J. S., & Najica, F. U. (2022). Kejahatan genosida myanmar terhadap etnis rohingya ditinjau dari perspektif hukum pidana internasional. Borneo Law Review, 6(1), 42–61. https://doi.org/10.35334/bolrev.v6i1.2645
Fatahillah. (2021). Pertanggung jawaban negara terhadap tindak pidana internasional (state liability for international criminal acts). Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Reusam, 9(2), 14–24. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.29103/reusam.v9i2.6662
Gröning, L., Haukvik, U. K., Morse, S. J., & Radovic, S. (2022). Remodelling criminal insanity: Exploring philosophical, legal, and medical premises of the medical model used in Norwegian law. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 81(November 2021). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijlp.2022.101776
Haile, R., Rowell-Cunsolo, T., Hyacinthe, M. F., & Alang, S. (2023). “We (still) charge genocide”: A systematic review and synthesis of the direct and indirect health consequences of police violence in the United States. Social Science and Medicine, 322(July 2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2023.115784
Hammond, C., Knošková, K., Wallace, L., & Fido, D. (2024). A comparative analysis of public educational needs in the rehabilitative care of individuals who have committed serious criminal offences: A cross cultural study. Forensic Science International: Mind and Law, 5(December 2022). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiml.2024.100130
Hidayat, A. (2021). Critical review buku “penelitian hukum” peter mahmud marzuki penelitian hukum ad quemtentang norma. Yustisia Merdeka : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum, 7(2), 117–125. https://doi.org/10.33319/yume.v7i2.109
Khadam, N., Anjum, N., Alam, A., Ali Mirza, Q., Assam, M., Ismail, E. A. A., & Abonazel, M. R. (2023). How to punish cyber criminals: A study to investigate the target and consequence based punishments for malware attacks in UK, USA, China, Ethiopia & Pakistan. Heliyon, 9(12), e22823. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22823
Klosterkamp, S., & Jeffrey, A. (2024). The intimate geopolitics of evidence gathering in war crime investigation in Ukraine. Political Geography Open Research, 3(March), 100008. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpgor.2024.100008
Kurniadi, Y U., et al. (2020). Metode Penelitian Hukum: Mengupas Dan Mengulas Metodologi Dalam Menyelenggarakan Penelitian Hukum. Nusantara: Jurnal Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial, 7(2), 408–420. https://doi.org/10.31604/jips.v8i8.2021.2463-2478
Landry, A. P., Fincher, K., Barr, N., Brosowsky, N. P., Protzko, J., Ariely, D., & Seli, P. (2024). Harnessing dehumanization theory, modern media, and an intervention tournament to reduce support for retributive war crimes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 111(November 2023), 104567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2023.104567
Latukau, F. (2020). Penegakan hukum pidana internasional terhadap kasus kekerasan militer amerika serikat kepada tahanan perang afganistan. Jurnal Penelitian Hukum De Jure, 20(2), 153. https://doi.org/10.30641/dejure.2020.v20.153-164
Lidén, M. (2020). Emotions and Cognition in International Criminal Justice: An Exploration from Cognitive Biases to Emotional Intelligence. Forensic Science International: Mind and Law, 1(November), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsiml.2020.100037
Made A Hardi R, & M.J Setianto. (2022). Penanganan perkara internasional yang dilakukan oleh international criminal court. Jurnal Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Undiksha, 10(3), 253–259. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpku.v10i3.52031
Makalew, D. B. (2020). Pengadilan campuran (hybrid tribunal) dalam perspektif hukum pidana internasional. Lex Privatum, VIII(3), 76–86. https://doi.org/http://index.php/lexprivatum/index/233 4942
McKee, M., Attaran, A., & Lindert, J. (2022). How can the international community respond to evidence of genocide in Ukraine? The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, 17, 100404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanepe.2022.100404
Miller, P. S., & Levine, R. L. (2013). Avoiding genetic genocide: Understanding good intentions and eugenics in the complex dialogue between the medical and disability communities. Genetics in Medicine, 15(2), 95–102. https://doi.org/10.1038/gim.2012.102
Pérez-León Acevedo, J. P. (2017). The close relationship between serious human rights violations and crimes against humanity: International criminalization of serious abuses. Anuario Mexicano de Derecho Internacional, 17(1), 145–186. https://doi.org/10.22201/iij.24487872e.2017.17.11034
Putra, K. A., Yuliartini, N. P. R., & Mangku, D. G. S. (2018). Analisis tindak kejahatan genosida oleh myanmar kepada etnis rohingya dityinjau dari perspektif hukum pidana internasional. E-Journal Komunitas Yustisia Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha, 1(1), 66–76. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/jatayu.v1i1.28662
Putri, D. K. (2022). Urgensi Asas Subsider Pada Pengaturan Asas Universal Dalam Rancangan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana. Masalah-Masalah Hukum, 51(2), 162–170. https://doi.org/10.14710/mmh.51.2.2022.162-170
Raharjo, A. (2020). Problematika asas retroaktif dalam hukum pidana indonesia. Jurnal Dinamika Hukum, 8(1), 70–80. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.jdh.2008.8.1.36
Sarayar, A. A. (2019). Kajian hukum bantuan kerjasama timbal balik (mutual legal assistance) dalam penyelesaian tindak pidana internasional. Lex Et Societatis, VII(11), 64–71. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.35796/les.v7i11.27371
Sianturi, G. M., Agung, A., & Utari, S. (2021). Perang terhadap narkoba serta penarikan diri dari pengadilan pidana internasional oleh filipina: perspektif hukum internasional. Jurnal Kertha Negara, 9(3), 164–174. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.37366/jh.v3i1.998
Situngkir, D. A. (2018). Asas Pacta Sunt Servanda Dalam Penegakan Hukum Pidana Internasional. JCH (Jurnal Cendekia Hukum), 3(2), 153. https://doi.org/10.33760/jch.v3i2.29
Stoykova, R. (2023). The Right To A Fair Trial As A Conceptual Framework For Digital Evidence Rules In Criminal Investigations. Computer Law and Security Review, 49, 105801. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clsr.2023.105801
Stoykova, R., & Franke, K. (2023). Reliability validation enabling framework (RVEF) for digital forensics in criminal investigations. Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation, 45, 301554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsidi.2023.301554
Syarif Hidayat. (2021). Segala aspek hukum pidana Internasional. E-Journal Komunitas Yustisia Universitas Pendidikan Ganesha Program, 4(July), 895–903. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.23887/jatayu.v4i3.43101
Teijo, C. (2023). Criminal sanctions and IUU fishing: The case of Spain. Marine Policy, 147(October 2022), 105341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpol.2022.105341
Tobing, C. I. (2022). Ektradisi Dan Mutual Legal Assistance Sebagai Sarana Penegakan Hukum Pidana Internasional. Jurnal Hukum Pelita, 3(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.37366/jh.v3i1.998
Tuazon, O. M., Wickenheiser, R. A., Ansell, R., Guerrini, C. J., Zwenne, G. J., & Custers, B. (2024). Law Enforcement Use Of Genetic Genealogy Databases In Criminal Investigations: Nomenclature, Definition And Scope. Forensic Science International: Synergy, 8(February), 100460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100460
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